Anaerobes were isolated from 9 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media [45%] , with B. fragilis being the commonest organism isolated. In vitro studies of metronidazole against anaerobic organisms isolated in our study showed that metrondazole is an effective antianaerobic chemotherapeutic agent yet it should be considered that in most uncomplicated cases, where both aerobes and anaerobes are isolated treatment should be directed to the aerobic component as well in order to achieve optimal therapeutic results