The present study comprised 25 patients with bilharzial fibrosis of the liver and 50 normal Egyptian controls all patients were subjected to; thorough stools and urine analysis, liver function tests, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, abdominal ultrasonography, ABO blood grouping and determination of Rh factor, assays of hepatitis B surface antigen and liver biopsy and histopathologic study. In our work, all patients and controls were studied for their tissue typing using the microdroplet lymphocytoxicity test. Some HLA antigens were found significantly more frequent in bilharzial patients than in the normal controls such as B5 and Bw4 as well as additive risk of both [Bw4+Bw6] . HLA family study is recommended to confirm the genetic role in the pathogenesis of these chronic liver diseases