The mucosa of the nose was studied histologically and histochemically in 15 patients with septal deviation. Hyperplasia of the serous and mucous acini, with increased vascularity and thickening of blood vessels was found. There was marked increase, which is actively of succinic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, alpha esterase and choline esterase enzymes. Early treatment was suggested to regain normal nasal function